Ti3C2Tx MXene as a growth template for amorphous RuOx in carbon nanofiber-based flexible electrodes for enhanced pseudocapacitive energy storage

Figure 1 schematically illustrates the overall procedure used for the syntheses of the binder-free and free-standing RuO_x-MCNF electrodes. The MXene was adequately etched from the Ti₃AlC₂ MAX phase (Fig. S1); it had a lateral size of <1 μm (Fig. S2) and monolayer sheet thickness of ~2 nm (Fig. S3). Furthermore, the synthesized Ti₃C₂T_x MXene had abundant functional groups, such as –OH, –O, and –F, that were bonded to Ti atoms generated during the etching and delamination processes (Fig. S4). These functional groups enhanced the wettabilities of the MCNF electrodes in the aqueous…