A nanogenerator based on metal nanoparticles and magnetic ionic gradients

To fabricate a metal nanoparticle nanogenerator, magnetic organic ligands are first synthesized²⁴. Positively charged N,N,N-trimethyl(11-mercaptoundecyl)ammonium chloride (HS-C11NMe₃⁺Cl⁻, TMA) molecules are mixed with DyCl₃ to prepare magnetic TMA ligands with negatively charged paramagnetic counterions DyCl₄^–. Compared with TMA molecules, the UV‒vis spectrum of mag-TMA shows several weak peaks at approximately 755 nm, 804 nm, and 907 nm, which could be ascribed to the absorption of dysprosium ions²⁵ (Fig. S1). In addition, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS)…