Automatic diagnosis of true proximity between the mandibular canal and the third molar on panoramic radiographs using deep learning

Data preparation

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Yonsei University Health System, Severance Hospital (No. 2-2022-0071), and informed consent was waived due to its retrospective nature. The research was carried out in compliance with pertinent guidelines and ethical regulations, with all data anonymized prior to transmission to the investigators to prevent patient identification. All images were collected from images taken from January 2021 to December 2022, and the image review period was from January to March 2023.

For algorithm development, panoramic radiograph…