Research on rheological behavior of fresh concrete single-cylinder pumping based on SPH-DEM

SPH method

Fresh concrete is a multi-component complex material. The scale can be divided into two phases, namely, large-scale coarse aggregate solid phase and small-scale fluid phase. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH)^25,26,27 is used to solve the fluid phase, which is a computational fluid dynamics method under the Lagrangian framework. In SPH, ‘particles’ represent the fluid space domain. The solution of SPH is solved by the integral and differential of the flow field variables (such as velocity/pressure, etc.) and the kernel function. The Navier–Stokes (N–S) equations of…