Category: 4. Physics
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Angle-Preserving Transformations Give Rigidity Transitions a New Twist
Jen Schwarz1 and Silke Henkes2 1Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 2Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands January 2, 2024• Physics 17, 1 New theoretical work explores the onset of rigidity in granular materials and other disordered systems by mapping out the edges of rigid regions. S. Henkes/Leiden University; J. Schwarz/Syracuse University; APS/A.…
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DomiRank Centrality reveals structural fragility of complex networks via node dominance
Definition and interpretation of DomiRank Centrality We define DomiRank centrality, denoted \({{{{{{{\boldsymbol{\Gamma }}}}}}}}\in {{\mathbb{R}}}_{N\times 1}\), as the stationary solution of the following dynamical process $$\frac{d{{{{{{{\boldsymbol{\Gamma }}}}}}}}(t)}{dt}=\alpha A(\theta {{{{{{{{\boldsymbol{1}}}}}}}}}_{N\times 1}-{{{{{{{\boldsymbol{\Gamma }}}}}}}}(t))-\beta {{{{{{{\boldsymbol{\Gamma }}}}}}}}(t),$$ (1) where \(A\in {{\mathbb{R}}}_{N\times N}\) is the adjacency matrix of the network \({{{{{{{\mathcal{N}}}}}}}}\) and
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Sub-Doppler optical-optical double-resonance spectroscopy using a cavity-enhanced frequency comb probe
Experimental setup and procedures To demonstrate cavity-enhanced frequency comb OODR spectroscopy we use a high-power 3.3 µm (3000 cm−1) CW pump and a 1.68 µm (5950 cm−1)-centered frequency comb probe, as shown in Fig. 1a. The pump frequency is Lamb-dip locked to a CH4 transition from a vibrational ground state and populates a selected assigned state in the ν3 band,…
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Phase coexistence in the fully heterogeneous Hegselmann–Krause opinion dynamics model
We have performed extensive simulations of the heterogeneous HK model where the connections among the agents are constrained by different types of networks. Each society is characterized by a set of variables representing the confidence of each agent i, \(\varepsilon _i\), uniformly distributed in the interval \([\varepsilon _l,\varepsilon _u]\), representing the range of open-mindedness of…
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Initial-site characterization of hydrogen migration following strong-field double-ionization of ethanol
We start our discussion with the complete two-body breakup channels for which the probabilities of each initial-site composition have been determined. Then, we examine the site(s) from which hydrogen atom(s) are eliminated during tri-hydrogen formation, thus extending the methodology to examine incomplete fragmentation channels. Complete breakup channels Complete photofragmention channels of the ethanol dication are…
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Quantifying quantum coherence of multiple-charge states in tunable Josephson junctions
LZSM interferometry Before presenting the experimental results, we first interpret the physical picture of LZSM interference in an ultra-small JJ. Phase fluctuations lead to the loss of macroscopic quantum coherence and Cooper pair tunneling as individual microscopic particles9,12,13 (Fig. 1a). MARs enable a coherent transfer of 2-charges through a 1st-order reflection (Fig. 1b) and 3-charges through a…
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Modeling the compaction of bacterial chromosomes by biomolecular crowding and the cross-linking protein H-NS
In our studies, both the volume fraction of crowders, \(\phi _c\), and the number of H-NS, \(N_\text{HNS}\), are key parameters. Following the simulation procedure described in Sect. “Computational modeling”, we have first calculated chain size as a function of \(\phi _c\) for various choices of \(N_\text{HNS}\) and plotted the results in Fig. 2. Primarily, we have chosen…
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Numerical modelling on geotechnical features of soil mixture using recycled tire crumb to strengthen the seismic isolation in building
Kelly, T. Base Isolation of Structures, Design Guidelines (Holmes Consulting Group Ltd, 2001). Google Scholar Naeim, F., Bhatia, H., Lobo, R.M. in Performance Based Seismic Engineering, Seismic Design Handbook, 752–792 (Springer). Buckle, I. G., Mayes, R. L. & Eeri, M. Seismic isolation: history, application and performance—A world view. Earthq. Spectra 6(2), 161–201 (1990). Article Google…
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Programmable high-dimensional Hamiltonian in a photonic waveguide array
Christodoulides, D. N., Lederer, F. & Silberberg, Y. Discretizing light behaviour in linear and nonlinear waveguide lattices. Nature 424, 817 (2003). Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar Morandotti, R., Peschel, U., Aitchison, J. S., Eisenberg, H. S. & Silberberg, Y. Experimental observation of linear and nonlinear optical Bloch oscillations. Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 4756 (1999).…
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Understanding the light induced hydrophilicity of metal-oxide thin films
The transition metal oxides (MOx), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and zinc oxide (ZnO), belong to a class of wide-bandgap natively doped n-type semiconductors1,2 with several remarkable and widely studied properties3,4,5,6. The reported applications of TiO2 and ZnO surfaces date back several decades and comprise solar energy conversion by single-crystal electrodes for water splitting7,8,9, photocatalytic reduction of…